Before going further into the details about the methods used for the Effluent Treatment in the Effluent Treatment Plant, one must know about the Effluent treatment plant.
Effluent Treatment Plant(ETP): A wastewater treatment facility called an effluent treatment plant processes the various industrial effluent and wastewater treatments. Effluent Treatment Plant (ETPs) are employed on a larger scale in the industrial sector, including the pharmaceutical commerce, where the ETPs are used to remove the effluents from the weighty, large-scale pharmaceuticals .
Why is there a need for setting up an Effluent Treatment Plant ?
Answer can be easily explained why we need to set-up an Effluent Treatment Plant in almost every industry by the following reasons :
- To purify industrial waste and recycle it for future use.
- To decrease the amount of freshwater/potable water used in industry.
- To lower water procurement costs.
- To avoid harsh penalties by adhering to the government set standards for the emission or discharge of environmental pollutants from various industries.
- To protect the environment from pollution and support sustainable growth.
Now , let’s dive into the various methods of Effluent Treatment Plant :
- Primary Treatment
Preliminary Treatment: Physical
When wastewater gets to the effluent treatment plant, it contains a lot of solids that can’t be removed by the wastewater treatment process. This includes things like clothes, paper, wood, food leftovers, eggshells, plastic, toys, and even cash. To get rid of these solids, the wastewater enters a building called the Headworks and passes through sizable screen filters. The solid waste is then taken to the landfill using a dumpster which is the only byproduct of treatment that is not re-cycled.
Primary Clarifiers: Physical
The Primary Clarifiers are two massive circular tanks into which the effluent from the Headworks is directed. These tanks each have a 600,000 gallon capacity. Here, the wastewater slows down and stays in the tanks for around two hours. Any substance that is suspended in the effluent will therefore either float to the top or sink to the bottom.
Large paddles that slowly rotate across the floor and surface of the Primary Clarifier remove these materials from the wastewater.
- Secondary Treatment
Aeration Tanks and Basins: Biological
The wastewater is cleaned biologically in the “activated sludge process” after it leaves the primary clarifiers and enters the large, rectangular tanks known as aeration basins. As the wastewater slowly passes through a series of chambers, large bubbles of air rise through the water. Because there is so much excess air, it appears as though the water is boiling. In some basins, the wastewater is mixed with “activated sludge,” or hundreds of millions of single-celled microorganisms that are actively growing(mostly bacteria and protozoa).
Secondary Clarifiers : Physical
When the wastewater enters the two secondary clarifiers , it still appears brown and sluggish and is loaded with micro-organisms from the aeration basins. The Secondary Clarifiers, which perform the same function as the Primary Clarifiers, remove materials in the wastewater that float and sink via spinning arms .
- Tertiary Treatment
Filtration : Physical/Chemical
Waste water is as clean as drinking water when it leaves the secondary clarifiers. Depending on the situation, this water may either go to the Filtration Building or immediately to the process of disinfection to produce recycled water. The filters remove very minute particles from the wastewater before disinfection (also known as “suspended solids”). Polymers are introduced at this point to help the suspended particles cluster and make it easier to filter them out.
Selecting Criteria for the right Effluent Treatment Plant(ETP) :
- List the components that need to be treated.
Throughout the manufacturing process, every manufacturing facility generates trash, harmful byproducts, and parts. When making plans to purchase the facility , a firm may start by deciding which components will be processed. A capable production unit technician or supervisor can be assigned this responsibility .
- The quantity and quality of wastewater
Finding out how much and what kind of wastewater has to be treated using the ETP technique is the next step you may take. You must be aware of the plant’s capacity before you purchase it for your manufacturing facility, such as a textile unit, plastic factory, chemical processing unit, paint manufacturing company , etc .
- Treatment based on biological process
When selecting the ETP treatment facility, there is yet another crucial factor to take into account . Only a few plants are designed specifically to handle biological waste . In these facilities , a mixture of micro organisms that are most suited to decompose the waste component contained in the industrial waste is added to the chamber . Buying a facility with chemical treatment capabilities serves no purpose if your industry releases biological waste .
- Based on chemical and inorganic components
This type of ETP effluent treatment plant is made to deal with waste materials that come from chemical and inorganic industrial facilities , such as paint and chemical companies. If you are in charge of a textile manufacturing facility where a range of chemicals are used during production , you should take this type of plant into consideration .
- The Cost Factor
This is one of the most important factors to consider when buying an ETP treatment plant for your manufacturing . A number of factors, including the type of material used in construction, the amount of wastewater that must be treated, the plant’s required output, the quality of the treated water, the typical lifespan of the plant, etc., affect the cost of the facility. The size of the plant will also be greatly influenced by the capacity of the one you have chosen .
- Cost Evaluation :
Compare a few leading manufacturers when choosing which plant to buy based on key characteristics including cost, energy efficiency, output, the kind of material used, and lifespan. One may make choice and select their perfect suited plant for their factory taking help of these criteria.
Compact STP Plant are the best providers/manufacturers of the most efficient ETPs all over the nation. Their Products performs to the best of their capabilities.
For more information you can also read the article: What Is Effluent Treatment Plant ?
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